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Read the Time Conversion Guide

Why a day isn't 86,400 seconds — Earth's rotation is slowing. The 27 leap seconds since 1972, GPS time's 18-second drift, the UNIX 2038 problem, and the Mars lander that confused seconds with milliseconds.

Open the full guide →

Time: The One Unit System Everyone Agrees On — Until They Don't

Time conversion is deceptively simple. 60 seconds per minute, 60 minutes per hour, 24 hours per day — these ratios are universal, the only measurement system shared by every country and every culture on Earth. They trace back to the Babylonians, who used a base-60 (sexagesimal) counting system around 2000 BCE, and to the ancient Egyptians, who divided daylight into 12 hours based on sundial markings.

But time gets complicated when you zoom out. A month is not a fixed unit — it varies from 28 to 31 days. A year is 365 days most of the time, 366 in leap years — except century years not divisible by 400. A week is 7 days because of the Babylonian planetary week, which was later adopted by Jewish, Christian, and Islamic calendars. And leap seconds — added 27 times since 1972 to keep UTC aligned with Earth's slowing rotation — nearly broke the internet in 2012 when Reddit, LinkedIn, and Qantas all crashed on the same leap-second night. The leap second was officially abolished in 2035 by the General Conference on Weights and Measures.

Time Conversion Reference

1 minute = 60 seconds | 1 hour = 3,600 seconds

1 day = 86,400 seconds (except on leap-second days = 86,401 s)

1 week = 604,800 seconds | 1 month = 2,419,200 to 2,678,400 seconds

1 millisecond = 0.001 s — the unit of high-frequency trading and CPU clock cycles

For the complete story — leap seconds, calendar math, and the ISO 8601 standard — see the Time Conversion Guide.

Seconds, Minutes & Hours

Seconds to Minutes 60 seconds = 1 minute. The most typed time conversion. Cooking timers, workout intervals, countdown clocks. ÷ 60 Minutes to Seconds 1 minute = 60 seconds. 60 seconds per minute since the Babylonians decided on base-60 — 4,000 years ago. × 60 Seconds to Hours 3,600 seconds = 1 hour. Video durations, marathon finish times, industrial cycle times. ÷ 3,600. ÷ 3,600 Hours to Seconds 1 hour = 3,600 seconds. Billing cycles, equipment run times, astronomical exposure durations. × 3,600 Hours to Minutes 1 hour = 60 minutes. Timesheets, meeting durations, transit schedules. Every clock face on Earth. × 60 Minutes to Hours 60 minutes = 1 hour. 90 minutes = 1.5 hours. Payroll, flight times, project estimates. Divide by 60. ÷ 60

Days, Hours & Weeks

Hours to Days 24 hours = 1 day. The solar day, give or take a few milliseconds. Project timelines, PTO calculations. ÷ 24 Days to Hours 1 day = 24 hours. Equipment uptime, delivery windows, medical observation periods. × 24 Days to Weeks 7 days = 1 week. The Babylonian 7-day week — one of the few non-decimal units nobody argues about. ÷ 7 Weeks to Days 1 week = 7 days. Sprint planning, payroll, pregnancy, vacation. The only time conversion with zero exceptions. × 7

Milliseconds & Months

Milliseconds to Seconds 1,000 ms = 1 s. Web performance, database query times, audio latency. Every developer and drummer knows this. ÷ 1,000 Seconds to Milliseconds 1 s = 1,000 ms. Animation frames, sensor polling intervals, network timeout configuration. × 1,000. × 1,000 Days to Months 30.437 days ≈ 1 month (average). Warning: a month is not a real unit. This uses the Gregorian average — your actual month may differ by ±1.5 days. ÷ 30.437 Months to Days 1 month ≈ 30.437 days (Gregorian average). Project timelines and lease terms in the reverse direction. × 30.437